Integrating Tier-1 module suppliers in car sequencing problem

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-GB">The objective of this study is to develop a car assembly sequence that mutually agreed between manufacturers and Tier-1 module suppliers such overall modular supply chain efficiency improved. In the literature so far, only constraints have been considered in sequencing problem. However, an from manufacturer imposes on since their activities are synchronous with line manufacturer. An imposed defines certain demand rate for has significant impacts operational cost these which ultimately affects efficiency. paper, heuristic approach introduced generate supplier cognizant does not provide better conditions suppliers, but also satisfies manufacturer.</span></p>